Chutney follows a simple formula: fruit or vegetable, vinegar, sugar, spice. The proportions shift depending on the produce, but the process is always the same.
Cook everything together slowly until the mixture thickens and the vinegar loses its sharpness. The test: draw a wooden spoon across the base of the pan. If the line holds cleanly without liquid filling back in, the chutney is ready. Pot immediately into warm sterilised jars and seal while hot.
Vinegar is the preserving agent: use a good quality cider vinegar or malt vinegar. White wine vinegar produces a cleaner, more delicate result. Malt vinegar is more robust and traditional.
Sugar balances the acidity and contributes to the preserve. Soft brown sugar adds depth and colour; white sugar keeps the flavour cleaner.
Spice is where chutney becomes personal. Ginger, mustard seeds, coriander, cloves, chilli: start conservatively and build. Chutney spice intensifies as it matures, so what tastes mild in the pan will be considerably more pronounced after a month in the jar.